Today is 2020-8-28
index/ Into Zizhou / Overview of Zizhou / Climatic Conditions / article

Climate Situation

一、Climate

The county straddles the sub-arid zone between the mid-temperate zone and the warm-temperate zone, which belongs to a continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons.

Spring is dry and windy, with the highest average wind speed and the most strong wind. The moisture loss is serious, the temperature has risen clearly, and the average daily temperature increase is 0.2°C. As the Siberian polar dry and cold air mass continues to invade southward, the temperature in spring is very unstable, and it can snow suddenly in late April.

Summer is hot and rainy. Due to the influence and restriction of continental air mass and subtropical high pressure, there are more southeast wind, which increase temperature and humidity significantly. The precipitation is mostly showers, with short duration, small range and high intensity.

The rain is normal in autumn, the temperature drops quickly and mostly the weather is refreshing and sunny. This is the alternate phase when the subtropical high retreats and the polar cold air mass begins to invade. The first frost, icing, frozen soil, snowfall and other phenomena appeared successively this season.

Winter is cold and dry, which is mainly affected and controlled by the Mongolian high pressure, with more northerly wind. It is the season with the lowest temperature, the lowest humidity and the least precipitation of the year.

There are many ways to divide the four seasons by temperature. According to the standard that the average temperature is lower than 10℃ in winter, the average temperature in spring and autumn is between 10~22℃, and the average temperature in summer ≥22℃, the county's agricultural regionalization office divides the four seasons of the county into: 57-day spring from April 7th to June 2nd , 76-day summer from June 3rd to August 17th, 59-day autumn from August 18th to October 15th and 173-day winter from October 16th to April 6th of next year. The average temperature is 15.7℃ in spring, 22.9℃ in summer, 15.6℃ in autumn and -1.3℃ in winter; average precipitation is 52.7 mm in spring, 202.4 mm in summer, 126.2 mm in autumn, and 46.8 mm in winter. Using the method of dividing seasons by the Meteorological Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (average temperature less than 0°C is winter, greater than 20°C is summer, 0°C-20°C is spring and autumn), the four seasons in the county are 91-day spring from March 5 to June 3, 88-day summer from June 4 to August 30, 85-day autumn from August 31 to November 22, and 102-day winter from November 23 to March 4 of next year.

In terms of climate characteristics throughout the year, there is enough sunshine and abundant light energy. In most months, the county has less rainfall and dry air, which is beneficial to accepting more solar radiation on the ground. The temperature is various and the heat is average. The annual average temperature is 9.1℃, and the average maximum daily difference is 16.0℃. January is the coldest while July is the hottest. The frost-free period is short. The early frost starts on September 18 and the night frost ends on May 28. The average frost-free period is 145 days, and the min year is 126 days. The max depth of frozen soil is 115 cm. The precipitation variability is large, and droughts and floods occur frequently. The average annual precipitation is 428.1 mm, with the most in August and the least in January. Southerly wind prevails in summer, and northerly wind prevails in winter and spring.

二、Phenology

Local people are used to dividing the four seasons by seasons and physical phenomena and carrying out agricultural activities. As soon as it enters the Sting Festival, the ground begins to thaw and hemp sprouts, which indicates the arrival of early spring. When the Qinming Festival arrives, the peach blossoms are in full bloom, which indicates mid-spring. Entering the Manchu Festival, the peas bloom, indicating the end of spring and the beginning of summer. Entering the summer solstice, the peas are mature, and the winter wheat has turned yellow, indicating the midsummer. Entering the summer festival, dog days are over, indicating that summer is over and autumn is coming. Entering the Start of Winter Festival, paraquat died and the ground was frozen, indicating the end of autumn and the beginning of early winter. Entering the winter solstice festival, the coldest days of the year begin, drops form ice and the river is frozen, indicating the midwinter.

In spring, the climate gets warmer, the earth thaws, the frost ends with thunder, insects resurrect, vegetation germinates, peach and pear flowers bloom, and everything grows. In summer, the weather is hot, crops and various plants grow luxuriantly, heading and filling, animals reproduce, jujube trees bloom, melons and fruits are on the market, mosquitoes fly out. In autumn, the climate quickly turns cooler, thunder sounds, the frost is firstly seen, the mosquitoes disappear, the insects dormant, the fruits of various autumn crops and trees are harvest, the seeds are mature, the herbs will die, and various trees will change color. In winter, the days are short and cold, the leaves are gone, the rivers are frozen, the morning frost is thick, and the earth is bald.